Experts have emphasized the urgent need for African-led studies, sustainable funding, and greater public awareness to prevent a looming public health crisis during the Alzheimer’s Association International Conference (AAIC) Neuroscience in Nairobi Hub.
The conference which convened scientists, healthcare professionals, and policymakers, gathered to discuss how Africa can take the lead in dementia research and policy development as the dementia crisis grows in Africa as 75% of cases in low- and middle-income countries go undiagnosed.
Prof. Zul Merali, Founding Director of the Brain and Mind Institute (BMI) warned that the region cannot afford to be a passive observer in dementia research.
“Dementia is not just a medical issue, it is a growing societal challenge that will put enormous strain on families, caregivers, and economies. We need African-driven solutions that address our unique needs”
noted Prof Zul.
Despite significant progress in global dementia research, African populations remain largely underrepresented in studies. As life expectancy increases, the continent faces a rising burden of neurodegenerative diseases, but with limited research funding, many critical gaps remain in understanding, diagnosis, and care.
This lack of localized data means that many aspects of the disease, including its risk factors and progression, are poorly understood in African communities. Without region-specific research, healthcare responses may not be effective, and early intervention strategies cannot be tailored to those most at risk.
“One of the greatest barriers to effective dementia care in Africa is the low rate of diagnosis. Many individuals and families fail to recognize the early signs of the disease, and stigma surrounding cognitive decline discourages people from seeking medical attention,”
added Prof Zul.
In many cases, dementia is viewed as a natural part of aging rather than a medical condition that requires intervention. As a result, most patients only receive a diagnosis in the later stages when little can be done to slow progression. The lack of trained healthcare professionals further complicates the situation, making it difficult to provide adequate support for those affected.
Addressing the growing burden of dementia will require significant investment in African-led research. Scientists stress that genetics, environmental factors, and lifestyle all play a role in brain health, yet few studies have explored how these elements interact in African populations. Without dedicated funding, the continent will continue to rely on findings from Western countries, which may not reflect the realities faced by African communities.
Dr. Chi Udeh-Momoh, a neuroscientist at the Brain and Mind Institute, highlighted the need for continued efforts beyond the Nairobi discussions:
“For too long, Africa has been excluded from global dementia studies. That must change. Investing in African researchers and collaborations will ensure that discoveries translate into better care, policies and outcomes for our communities.”
Raising awareness and reducing stigma is another critical step in addressing the crisis. Public education campaigns can help shift perceptions and encourage people to seek medical attention earlier. Training healthcare providers to recognize and manage dementia will also be essential in improving patient outcomes. Without these efforts, many will continue to suffer in silence, placing immense strain on families and caregivers.
Africa faces a critical moment in the fight against dementia. Without action, the number of people affected will continue to rise, and health systems will struggle to cope. However, with sustained research, policy changes and greater public engagement, there is an opportunity to improve the lives of millions affected by the disease.
Experts continue to call for commitment from governments, research institutions and the medical community to ensure that Africa is no longer left behind in the global response to dementia.
